基于方向场的车牌倾斜校正方法

车牌字符分割与识别是智能交通系统中的重要环节,而倾斜变形的车牌图像对车牌字符分割与识别有很大影响,为解决这个问题,提出了一种基于方向场的车牌校正方法.建议方法采用Sobel算子计算车牌图像的梯度方向场,通过对方向场角度直方图的分析找出车牌水平倾斜角,根据水平倾斜角对车牌图像进行水平旋转校正并二值化.然后,应用垂直投影法...     

高斯—克吕格投影坐标换算在地质图叠合中的应用

本文主要从高斯—克吕格投影的基本原理入手,着重分析该投影系统两种相互联系的坐标系——地理坐标系和直角坐标系之间的换算关系,以坐标系的正算、反解,高斯—克吕格投影与UTM投影的变换为基础,解决不同坐标系地质图叠合问题。     

A different kind of revolutionary change: transformation from object to process concepts

I propose a new perspective with which to understand scientific revolutions. This is a conversion from an object-only perspective to one that properly treats object and process concepts as distinct kinds. I begin with a re-examination of the Copernican revolution. Recent findings from the history of astronomy suggest that the Copernican revolution was a move from a conceptual framework built around an object concept to one built around a process concept. Drawing from studies in the cognitive sciences, I then show that process concepts are independent of object concepts, grounded in specific regions of the brain and involving unique representational mechanisms. There are cognitive obstacles to the transformation from object to process concepts, and an object bias—a tendency to treat processes as objects—makes this kind of conceptual change difficult. Consequently, transformation from object to process concepts is disruptive and revolutionary. Finally, I explore the implications of this new perspective on scientific revolutions for both the history and philosophy of science.     

Attentional negativity bias moderated by positive mood arousal

Automatically allocation of more attention to negative stimuli is called emotional negativity bias. An event-related potentials (ERPs) experiment investigated whether or not this bias was altered by positive mood arousal. The results suggested that the attention bias towards negative stimuli was attenuated when positive information was accessible.     

Bias‐corrected bootstrap prediction intervals for autoregressive model: new alternatives with applications to tourism forecasting

This paper proposes the use of the bias‐corrected bootstrap for interval forecasting of an autoregressive time series with an arbitrary number of deterministic components. We use the bias‐corrected bootstrap based on two alternative bias‐correction methods: the bootstrap and an analytic formula based on asymptotic expansion. We also propose a new stationarity‐correction method, based on stable spectral factorization, as an alternative to Kilian's method exclusively used in past studies. A Monte Carlo experiment is conducted to compare small‐sample properties of prediction intervals. The results show that the bias‐corrected bootstrap prediction intervals proposed in this paper exhibit desirable small‐sample properties. It is also found that the bootstrap bias‐corrected prediction intervals based on stable spectral factorization are tighter and more stable than those based on Kilian's stationarity‐correction. The proposed methods are applied to interval forecasting for the number of tourist arrivals in Hong Kong. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

坐标轴正方向选取对力学问题求解的影响

在求解理论力学质点动力学问题时,因坐标系正方向的选取常常给学生带来许多困惑.通过两道典型习题,详细分析学生错解的原因,应用不同的符号法则给出正确的求解过程,对比总结出坐标系建立的一般方法及解题中关键问题.帮助学生澄清疑惑,提高规范严谨的解题能力.     

建立绘制轴测图数学模型的研究

在分析轴测投影形成条件，把握轴测投影规律的基础上，建立了依据空间形体的三维坐标绘制轴测图的数学模型，解决了以解析方式或利用计算机绘制轴测图的问题。     

基于双向投影法的概率语言多属性群决策

针对概率语言信息下的多属性群决策问题,首先基于概率语言术语集(probabilistic linguistic term sets, PLTS)的调整规则和语言尺度函数,定义了PLTS的新运算,并证明其满足代数运算的基本性质。然后,为解决现有向量模公式在下标对称语言下计算结果与实际不符的问题,提出一种改进的概率语言信息下的向量模公式。在此基础上定义方案与正、负理想解形成的向量表示式,并建立针对概率语言信息的双向投影法,由此提出新的贴近度公式。最后,通过应用算例的对比分析验证了本文所提方法的有效性和可行性。该方法充分考虑了PLTS的数据特征,在简化计算的同时避免了信息损失,为解决概率语言信息中数值差异较小的问题提供了新的方法和思路。     

分子构型转换方法的教学研究

就有机分子的不同构型表达式如何转换为费歇尔投影式及费歇尔投影式之间的相互转换的规律进行了探讨,帮助学生建立良好的空间思维,理解分子立体表达形式与平面表达形式之间的关系,帮助学生掌握平面内不同的表达式进行相互转换的正确方法.这些方法简单而有效地帮助学生们正确地判断两个化合物是同一化合物,还是对映体异构体或非对映异构体.     

认知诗学视域下英美文学研究性教学探析

高校英语专业普遍存在文学阅读难、阅读少的问题,文学课遭遇边缘化.文章借助二十世纪新兴交叉学科认知诗学的“故事”与“叙事投射”理论对文学学习进行认知分析,着力增强文学阅读认知体验,并结合研究性教学方法探讨实现文学教学内容与教学方法双重认知转向、提高文学教学质量的有效途径.